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  • Title: Clinical observations and neuropathology of rabbits in the acute stages of type 2 herpes simplex infections.
    Author: Halter SA, Barnett RI, Smith JE, Romero-Sierra C.
    Journal: Br J Exp Pathol; 1973 Feb; 54(1):40-8. PubMed ID: 4120349.
    Abstract:
    Herpes simplex virus, MS (type 2) was inoculated intramuscularly into the medial gastrocnemius muscle of both hind legs of 6-8 week New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were observed for clinical evidence of infection for 17 days. Abnormal signs were first noticed on the sixth and seventh days after inoculation. These increased in severity until the twelfth and thirteenth days. None of the animals ever became paralyzed. Gross haemorrhagic lesions were first seen in the spinal cord at 9 days. Light microscopic sections of the S2 through L7 spinal cord segments at 9 days showed meningitis, perivascular cuffing with hypertrophy and multiplication of the lining epithelium, and adherence of white blood cells to the lumen of the vessels. A large damaged area was noted in the dorsal horn of the S2 spinal cord segment, which contained cells having intranuclear inclusion bodies characteristic of HSV-infected cells. By electron microscopy, the infected cells in this area were shown to contain intranuclear immature HSV particles. Mature virus particles in the cytoplasm were rarely seen. The ultrastructural aspects of the infection at 9 days were studied in detail. Direct immunofluorescent microscopy of the rabbits from 4 to 16 days after injection of MS showed no significant fluorescence over controls in any of the nervous tissue examined on Days 4-6. On the seventh day, however, significant fluorescence was observed in the S1 spinal cord segment and the right S1 ganglion. This specific fluorescence in the S1 and L7 spinal cord segments and spinal ganglia was seen in the remaining rabbits which had been inoculated 8-16 days previously. The findings in this study were correlated with those of other workers in the field, special emphasis being placed on the significance of the various HSV strains used and the differences in dosage levels, points of inoculation and species of experimental animals.
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