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  • Title: Hydroperoxides can modulate the redox state of pyridine nucleotides and the calcium balance in rat liver mitochondria.
    Author: Lötscher HR, Winterhalter KH, Carafoli E, Richter C.
    Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A; 1979 Sep; 76(9):4340-4. PubMed ID: 41241.
    Abstract:
    When rats are fed a selenium-deficient diet, the glutathione peroxidase activity in liver mitochondria decreases within 5 weeks to 0-6% of that of control animals fed on a diet supplemented with 0.5 ppm of selenium as sodium selenite. Analysis of the temperature dependence of energy-linked Ca(2+) uptake by means of Arrhenius plots reveals two breaks (at around 11 degrees C and 24 degrees C) in mitochondria isolated from selenium-supplemented animals, whereas in selenium-deficient rats the break at 11 degrees C is absent. Ca(2+)-loaded mitochondria of selenium-supplemented rats-i.e., with active glutathione peroxidase in the matrix-lose Ca(2+) rapidly, with a concomitant oxidation of endogenous NAD(P)H, when exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide or H(2)O(2). In contrast, in selenium deficiency, t-butyl hydroperoxide and H(2)O(2) induce neither a release of Ca(2+) nor an oxidation of NAD(P)H. The peroxide-induced oxidation of NAD(P)H is reversible in the presence of succinate when no Ca(2+) has been taken up. When Ca(2+) has previously been accumulated, however, the oxidation of NAD(P)H is irreversible. Enzymatic analysis of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides reveals that the peroxide-induced oxidation of NAD(P)H in Ca(2+)-loaded mitochondria leads to a loss of NAD(+) and NADP(+). It is proposed that the redox state of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides can be or is in part controlled by glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and is a factor in the balance of Ca(2+) between mitochondria and medium.
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