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  • Title: Successful management of bilateral carotid-cavernous fistulae with a trans-sphenoidal approach.
    Author: Laws ER, Onofrio BM, Pearson BW, McDonald TJ, Dirrenberger RA.
    Journal: Neurosurgery; 1979 Feb; 4(2):162-67. PubMed ID: 440549.
    Abstract:
    A patient with traumatic bilateral carotid-cavernous fistulae was successfully treated by an entirely extracranial approach. The larger fistula on the left was exposed via a transethmoidal, trans-sphenoidal route and was directly opened and packed while the cavernous carotid artery was stented open by an intraluminal balloon catheter. The balloon catheter provided temporary hemostasis and was removed after the fistula had been packed. The left carotid artery remained patent, and the smaller fistula on the right was subsequently obliterated by a balloon catheter. The fistulae have remained cured, and the left internal carotid artery supplies the cerebral circulation.
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