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  • Title: Genetic causes and workup of male and female infertility. 2. Abnormalities presenting between birth and adult life.
    Author: Opitz JM, Shapiro SS, Uehling DT.
    Journal: Postgrad Med; 1979 Jun; 65(6):157-62, 164, 166. PubMed ID: 450814.
    Abstract:
    At birth some 6/1,000 persons have chromosome abnormalities; in about 60% of cases these abnormalities cause death or infertility, and in one third fertility is reduced. Some 1.7% of persons (3.4% of couples) with recurrent spontaneous abortion, infertility, or both have a chromosome abnormality. Chromosome abnormalities are far more common in men than in women with infertility; 15% to 20% of men with azoospermia have the Klinefelter syndrome. Meiotic defects explain 20% of male infertility in patients with apparently normal somatic chromosomes. Congenital malformations of the genitalia are more common in males than in females; about 0.82% of liveborn males have hypospadias. Almost one sixth of women with primary amenorrhea have some form of müllerian atresia, usually with associated renal anomalies.
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