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  • Title: Calcium-induced ciliary reversal in the extracted models of "Pawn", a behavioral mutant of Paramecium.
    Author: Kung C, Naito Y.
    Journal: Science; 1973 Jan 12; 179(4069):195-6. PubMed ID: 4682253.
    Abstract:
    "Pawn," a genic mutant of Paramecium aurelia, cannot swim backward as the wild type can upon proper stimulation. In contrast, after membrane disruption by Triton X-100, the adenosine triphosphate-magnesium reactivated models of Pawns swim backward in the presence of calcium as wild-type models do. Thus, the mutant phenotype is due to an impairment in the membrane and not in the calcium-sensitive motile system.
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