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  • Title: [Pacemaker implantation under local anesthesia].
    Author: Huber A, Kappenberger L.
    Journal: Helv Chir Acta; 1979 May; 46(1-2):129-33. PubMed ID: 468559.
    Abstract:
    102 pacemakers have been implanted under local anesthesia. The electrodes have been introduced through the left vena cephalica and the pacemakers placed in the infraclavicular groove. Exchanged pacemakers have been put in the already existing cavity. The wounds have been closed by sutures consisting solely of polyglycolic acid. One hematoma and one infection have been observed. In 12% of the cases the electrode was introduced through the vena jugularis externa, owing to obstruction or unsuitable size of the vena cephalica. Reoperation was necessary in 3 cases due to dislocation of the electrode, and in one case due to the perforation of the ventricle caused by the electrode.
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