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  • Title: Changes in fructose & citric acid in accessory glands of reproduction of rats following long-term treatment with isomers of clomiphene citrate.
    Author: Singh SP, Prasad MR.
    Journal: Indian J Exp Biol; 1973 Jan; 11(1):23-6. PubMed ID: 4779289.
    Abstract:
    The effects of 500 mcg/kg/day of cis- or trans-clomiphene for 60 days on the testis and accessory glands of reproduction in adult male rats and the pattern of recovery following withdrawal of treatment were described. In animals treated with cis-clomiphene, testis weights showed little change from those of controls except in Week 2 of recovery when testicular weights were significantly less than in controls (p.001). The weights of all the accessory glands were significantly less as compared with controls (p.001) at the termination of treatment but reached control levels by the end of the 4 week recovery period. Citric acid (seminal vesicles and ventral prostate) and fructose (dorsolateral prostate and coagulating glands) levels decreased significantly in Week 2 compared with controls (p.001) but were restored to normal by Week 4. Epididymal spermatozoa were nonmotile at the end of treatment as well as in Week 1 of recovery; none of the treated males mated. Spermatozoa motility and normal mating behavior were restored by Weeks 3 and 4 of recovery. In rats treated with trans-clomiphene testes and accessory glands and their secretory activity (citric acid and frutose) were reduced significantly (p.001) and returned to control levels by Week 4 of recovery. Epididymal spermatozoa were nonmotile at the end of treatment and during the first 2 weeks of recovery but returned to normal during Week 3 of recovery along with normal mating behavior. The observed inhibitory effects on the testes and accessory glands may be due to estrogenicity of the compounds modifying the synthesis and/or release of gonadotropins mediated through the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis. Complete recover, as evidenced by birth of normal young within 30 days of treatment withdrawal, suggests that the effects of these compounds are transient in adult male rats. The trans-isomer seemed to be more estrogenic than the cis-isomer.
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