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  • Title: Catecholamine metabolite excretion in spina bifida.
    Author: McKibbin B, O'Gorman L, Duckworth T.
    Journal: J Clin Pathol; 1969 Nov; 22(6):687-9. PubMed ID: 4903899.
    Abstract:
    The urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid (VMA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and parahydroxyphenylacetic acid (pHPAA) was measured in 55 children with meningomyelocoele selected at random. In 96% of the children the levels of one or other of these compounds was significantly raised above the normal, usually by a factor of about 3. High VMA levels usually meant high HVA levels but the values for pHPAA appeared to be quite independent of the others. These results suggest a disorder of tyrosine metabolism, and the possible implications are discussed.
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