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  • Title: Norethynodrel metabolites in human plasma and urine.
    Author: Cook CE, Twine ME, Tallent CR, Wall ME, Bressler RC.
    Journal: J Pharmacol Exp Ther; 1972 Oct; 183(1):197-205. PubMed ID: 5080031.
    Abstract:
    Norethynodrel metabolites in human plasma and urine were analyzed. Samples were collected from healthy young women over 1 24-hour period after the oral administration of 11.1 mg (50 mcCi) of 6, 7-tritiated norethynodrel. The 3 alpha-hydroxy compound from the reduction of the 3-ketone of norethynodrel was the major free metabolite in plasma, with lesser amounts of its 3 beta-isomer and norethindrone. These compounds were identified by carrier addition analysis and their concentrations were estimated by thin-layer radiochromatography. The bulk of plasma metabolites consisted of conjugates and greater than 95% of urinary metabolites (20% of total dose) were conjugated; 2 of which were beta-glucuronides. Enzymatic hydrolysis enabled the urinary compounds to be identified by gas-lizuid chromatography-mass spectrometry. 70-80% (10% of the dose) of the enzymatically hydrolyzed urinary metabolites were hydroxylated compounds. Triols were the principal hydroxylated compounds isolated. The metabolism of norethynodrel was rapid and extensive.
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