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  • Title: [The initial stages of formation of the bone centers and the construction of the skeletal organs. The metamorphosing cartilage: Part I].
    Author: Knese KH.
    Journal: Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb; 1979; 125(6):758-78. PubMed ID: 551932.
    Abstract:
    In connection with the investigation of the ossification center we discussed the significance of the several sites of osteogenesis. In consideration also of anthropometric relations during growth we got the impression that among others the relations to the muscle- and nerve-system are important for development of bones. The insertions of muscles at the diaphysis are in square dimensions respectively linear, in which regions a tendineous osteogenesis occurs, so that muscle and bones may grow together. The organ of growth for diaphysis is the epiphyseal disk und represents real a diaphyseal disk. Above the epiphyseal disk there remains a part, which acts firstly as growing cartilage. Close to it and partly connected with the epiphysis are apophysis, the points of circumscripted insertions of muscles. In this part a metamorphosis takes place, which in connection of the formation of the cavity of the ossification center formate later on the osseal basis of joint cartilage. With retardation and finally the stop of length growth in epiphysis and metaphysis a new area of bone formation is built up in which the ultimate spongiosa becomes formed. During the formation of the cavity of the ossification center dominate degenerative changings of the cells and intercellular-substances. The chondrocyts accumulate in first easily dissolving carbohydrates. The original meandering endoplasmatic reticulum transforms to small vesicular structures and are fragmentated. The partly roundish and bizarre shaped nuclei shows signs of pyknosis. The cells become a longish dense shape with enclosed vesicles and dense structures, there structural elements cannot be more diagnosed. The fibrills originally arranged in a cross-system decrease in diameter and run now almost parallel. Finally they disintegrate to fragments which are mixed with MPS-granules.
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