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  • Title: Determination of 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin and studies relating to the disposition of phenytoin in man.
    Author: Witkin KM, Bius DL, Teague BL, Wiese LS, Boyles LW, Dudley KH.
    Journal: Ther Drug Monit; 1979; 1(1):11-34. PubMed ID: 553326.
    Abstract:
    A gas chromatographic on-column methylation technique was developed for the routine laboratory determination of 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (p-HPPH), the principal urinary product of phenytoin )PHT) metabolism in man. 5-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-(p-tolyl)hydantoin (HMPPH), a new internal standard, was synthesized and evaluated against 5-phenyl--5-(p-tolyl)hydantoin (MPPH), the compound normally used as the internal standard in p-HPPH assays. HMPPH withstood the challenges of intralaboratory quality control checks and tests of precision of p-HPPH values at times when MPPH provided erratic and unreliable values. Both an enzyme and acid treatment of urine were studied for the purpose of hydrolysis of p-HPPH-glucuronide, the form in which p-HPPH is excreted in urine. The use of both treatments in studies of three different patient urines pointed to the conclusion that acid-catalyzed decomposition of PHT dihydrodiol, a minor urinary metabolite of PHT in man, was unimportant from the analytical point of view, contributing little if anything to total urinary p-HPPH content. Some aspects of PHT disposition, as evidenced by studies of PHT plasma levels and p-HPPH urinary outputs in individual patients, are discussed.
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