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  • Title: Appearance of Graves' disease on orbital computed tomography.
    Author: Enzmann DR, Donaldson SS, Kriss JP.
    Journal: J Comput Assist Tomogr; 1979 Dec; 3(6):815-9. PubMed ID: 583152.
    Abstract:
    Extraocular muscle enlargement was symmetrical in 70% and asymmetrical in 30% of patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. True unilateral muscle involvement occurred in 6%. Computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral orbital involvement in 50% of patients presenting clinically with unilateral eye signs. In patients without a clinically apparent ophthalmopathy, CT demonstrated muscle enlargement in 40%. The medial and inferior rectus muscles were the most frequently and most severely involved. Orbital radiation therapy can result in a decrease in size of involved muscles.
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