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  • Title: Clinical features and laboratory diagnosis of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in infants and children.
    Author: Kumar A, Washington WJ, Mariappuram J.
    Journal: J Diarrhoeal Dis Res; 1984 Sep; 2(3):142-6. PubMed ID: 6096439.
    Abstract:
    This study was undertaken to compare countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using Rotazyme kit to detect rotavirus antigen in the stools of children with gastroenteritis and to compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of rotavirus antigen-positive with antigen-negative children. Over 2 years, 171 infant and children admitted to the pediatric in-patient unit at St. Luke's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, with gastroenteritis were evaluated. Stools from 108 (63%) had rotavirus antigen. In most patients, antigen was detected by both CIE and ELISA. 100 (94%) of the 108 patients were under age 2; 72 (66%) rotavirus-positive patients were seen during the colder months. Frequency and duration of diarrhea, presence and duration of vomiting, presence and duration of fever, and lack of examination findings distinguished the rotavirus antigen-positive from the rotavirus antigen-negative patients. CIE and ELISA are reliable, simple laboratory methods for identifying this etiologial agent in stool. Rotavirus antigen was detected by both CIE and Rotazyme technique in most patients. In a few patients only 1 test was positive for the antigen. In 16 (14.8%) positive specimens antigen only could be detected by CIE, while in 11 (10.2%) positive specimens the antigen was demonstrable only by the Rotazyme method. This discrepancy is hard to explain since both methods are sensitive and compare well with immune electron microscopy. CIE is an inexpensive, simple test which can be done easily in any microbiology or clinical laboratory, with the results ready in 3 hours. Rotazyme is very sensitive but it is also more complicated than CIE.
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