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  • Title: Alcohol consumption in healthy women: relationship to gamma-glutamyl transferase activity, mean corpuscular volume and hormonal status.
    Author: Warnet JM, Papoz L, Pequignot G, Eschwege E, Claude JR, Schwartz D.
    Journal: Can J Public Health; 1984; 75(4):285-8. PubMed ID: 6148138.
    Abstract:
    362 nonpregnant women aged 18-76 years participated in a study to determine the relationship between gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and alcohol consumption in women. The women provided information on their tobacco consumption over the past 5 years, their dietary habits, their mean daily intake of pure alcohol, and their hormonal status, including use of oral contrceptives (OCs). The women were classified into 3 groups: 176 nonusers of OCs (NOC), 85 users of OCs, mainly prepartions with 50 mcg estrogen (OC), and 101 postmenopausal women (PM). 29 additional women were excluded from the analysis because of missing data or because they used estrogens for medical reasons independent of contraception. Average age was 34.9 years for the NOC group, 31.4 for the OC, and 55.6 for the PM group. Tobacco consumption did not differ and alcohol consumption was quite similar in the 3 groups. MCV in cu mcm was 89.7 +or- 1.4 for NOC, 89.9 +or- 1.6 for OC, and 90.5 +or- 1.9 for PM. GGT in U/1 was 14.3 +or- 1.4 for NOC, 13.7 +or- 1.2 for OC, and 22.4 +or- 5.0 for PM. The results indicated that the effect of alcohol might be different in the 3 groups. In the NOC group, MCV was slightly different between teetotalers and drinkers (88.2 +or- 0.5 and 90.2 +or- 0.2 cu mcm respectively), while the GGT level was 9.3 +or- 0.4 in teetotalers and 15.7 +or- 2.2 in drinkers. In the OC group, the only significant difference was observed in GGT levels with a lower degree of significance than for the NOC group. OC teetotalers had GGT levels of 11.5 +or- 6.0 U/1 compared to 14.4 +or- 1.5 for drinkers. No difference was observed for any parameter in the PM group but there was a tendency toward higher MCV and GGT values among the teetolalers. A multiple regression analysis in each group indicated that in the NOC group, GGT and MCV are the 2 main relevant parameters in predication of alcohol consumption, with age a 3rd factor. The multiple regression coefficient is much higher in the NOC group than in the total female group and is quite similar to that of the male group. In the OC group, age is the 1st relevant factor in prediction of alcohol consumption, followed by GGT. No significant correlation with any variable was found in the PM group.
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