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  • Title: Intrathecal and intraventricular morphine for pain in cancer patients: initial study.
    Author: Leavens ME, Hill CS, Cech DA, Weyland JB, Weston JS.
    Journal: J Neurosurg; 1982 Feb; 56(2):241-5. PubMed ID: 6172573.
    Abstract:
    Intractable pain in six cancer patients was treated with lumbar intrathecal morphine (two patients) and intraventricular morphine (four patients). Daily percutaneous injections of morphine through Ommaya reservoirs were made. Initially, 1 mg of lumbar intrathecal morphine resulted in pain relief for 10 to 14 hours, and 2.5 to 4.0 mg of intraventricular morphine gave relief for 12 to 24 hours. This treatment was continued for 3 to 7 months in three of the adults. Morphine requirements gradually increased. Side effects were minimal, and there were no complications.
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