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  • Title: [The role of mental health in Greece from the 5th century B.C. to the end of the era].
    Author: Dieckhöfer K.
    Journal: Clio Med; 1982 Dec; 17(2-3):81-94. PubMed ID: 6187511.
    Abstract:
    The article gives a survey of the psychohygienic ideas and conceptions appearing during this period, which were closely connected with a range of philosophical thoughts, by means of contemporary texts. From the epoch of the Greek comedy as reflection of the everyday-life of the Polis, Aristophanes has been quoted. The importance of the Epicurean philosophy and the spiritual guidance throughout the post-Epicurean stoa with its representatives Zenon, Chrysipp, Panaitios, Poseidonios and finally Epiktet, the latter being the most important representative of the fashionable philosophy during the Roman imperial reign, has been emphasised and analysed. The available sources show that eudaimonia, happiness, namely freedom from anxiety, menace and feelings of hatred, and furthermore the surveying of worldly wisdom, the control of one's impulses through Logos and education, harmony to compensate the contrasts, helpfulness towards one's fellow-men as well as the education of the individual to gain inner freedom, represent the most important antique directives of the mind in the sense of a rudimental psychohygiene and psychoprophylaxis.
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