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  • Title: Survey of vomitoxin-contaminated feed grains in midwestern United States, and associated health problems in swine.
    Author: Côté LM, Reynolds JD, Vesonder RF, Buck WB, Swanson SP, Coffey RT, Brown DC.
    Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc; 1984 Jan 15; 184(2):189-92. PubMed ID: 6230342.
    Abstract:
    During the 1981 corn harvest season in Illinois and surrounding states, cold wet weather enhanced the growth of Fusarium graminearum, with resulting contamination by vomitoxin and, to a lesser extent, zearalenone. Of 342 feed samples analyzed, 274 contained vomitoxin at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 41.6 ppm (mean, 3.1 ppm) and 40 samples contained zearalenone at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 8 ppm (mean, 0.66 ppm). Animal health problems and reduced growth performance were observed mainly in swine fed vomitoxin-contaminated rations. The predominant clinical complaints, in decreasing frequency were: reproductive problems (50%), feed refusal (43%), reduced weight gain (25%), diarrhea (17%), death (14%), and emesis (11%).
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