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  • Title: The implications of DSM-III personality disorders for patients with major depression.
    Author: Pfohl B, Stangl D, Zimmerman M.
    Journal: J Affect Disord; 1984 Dec; 7(3-4):309-18. PubMed ID: 6241212.
    Abstract:
    We studied 78 inpatients with DSM-III major depression. Forty-one (53%) had a concurrent personality disorder (PD) according to a detailed structured interview for DSM-III personality disorders. The patients with depression plus PD differed from patients with depression alone on numerous measures. The PD patients had earlier onset; higher HRS scores; poorer social support; more life stressors; more frequent separation and divorce; more frequent nonserious suicide attempts, less frequent dexamethasone nonsuppression; poorer response to antidepressant medication; and higher risk for depression, alcoholism and antisocial personality among first-degree relatives. The PD subgroup shares many attributes with Winokur's subtype of depression spectrum disorder and Akiskal's character spectrum disorder. An attempt to identify a subgroup of personality disorders which might be an atypical affective disorder was inconclusive. However, patients in DSM-III cluster III were similar to the patients with no-PD on the dexamethasone suppression test, response to treatment, and familial risk for depression and antisocial personality.
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