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  • Title: Combination therapy of experimental histoplasmosis and cryptococcosis with amphotericin B and ketoconazole.
    Author: Graybill JR, Williams DM, Van Cutsem E, Drutz DJ.
    Journal: Rev Infect Dis; 1980; 2(4):551-58. PubMed ID: 6255531.
    Abstract:
    Combinations of amphotericin B and ketoconazole had an additive effect in vitro against Histoplasma capsulatum and Cryptococcus neoformans; ketoconazole combined with flucytosine exerted an indifferent effect against C. neoformans. In vivo studies in athymic nude (nu/nu) mice and their heterozygous (nu/+) littermates demonstrated that treatment with the ketoconazole-amphotericin B combination resulted in longer survival of mice with cryptococcosis than did treatment with ketoconazole plus flucytosine. However, mice given ketoconazole plus amphotericin B did not survive significantly longer than those given amphotericin B alone (cryptococcosis) or ketoconazole alone (histoplasmosis). Combination chemotherapy with ketoconazole and amphotericin B may offer a modest therapeutic advantage over therapy with either drug alone.
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