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  • Title: Functionally deficient differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells induced by phorbol myristate acetate.
    Author: Newburger PE, Baker RD, Hansen SL, Duncan RA, Greenberger JS.
    Journal: Cancer Res; 1981 May; 41(5):1861-5. PubMed ID: 6260353.
    Abstract:
    The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 undergoes terminal myeloid differentiation in vitro in response to a wide variety of chemicals. The tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate induces these cells to develop macrophage-like morphology, adherence, and enzymatic characteristics. The present study confirms those observations and further documents the induction, by 16 nM phorbol myristate acetate, of 5'-nucleotidase activity, another human macrophage marker enzyme. However, more importantly, functional studies show that phorbol myristate acetate-induced HL-60 cells fail to increase above base line uninduced levels of hexose monophosphate shunt activity, superoxide generation, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, bacterial ingestion, or complement secretion. These cells therefore possess some macrophage-like properties but do not meet several important functional criteria of macrophage identity.
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