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  • Title: Effects of muramyl dipeptide on superoxide anion release and on anti-microbial activity of human macrophages.
    Author: Wilson CB, Bohnsack J, Weaver WM.
    Journal: Clin Exp Immunol; 1982 Aug; 49(2):371-6. PubMed ID: 6290115.
    Abstract:
    Exposure of human monocyte derived macrophages to muramyl dipeptide in vitro increased phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated O2- release by these cells; the activity of such macrophages against Toxoplasma gondii or against Staphylococcus aureus was not increased. The failure of muramyl dipeptide to enhance human macrophage anti-microbial activity correlated with the failure of muramyl dipeptide to enhance O2- release in response to phagocytic stimuli. These results and those previously published by others indicate that muramyl dipeptide may enhance release of certain inflammatory mediators (O2- and endogenous pyrogen) without enhancing the anti-microbial activity of human macrophages.
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