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  • Title: Effects of high doses of vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in lactating rats on milk composition and calcium homeostasis of the suckling pups.
    Author: Dostal LA, Boass A, Toverud SU.
    Journal: Endocrinology; 1983 May; 112(5):1631-8. PubMed ID: 6299702.
    Abstract:
    Changes in serum Ca and phosphorus and in kidney Ca were determined in lactating rats and their suckling pups after the mothers received high doses of vitamin D3 or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3]. High dietary vitamin D3 intake (300 IU/g diet) or daily oral doses of vitamin D3 (1 microgram/g BW) to vitamin I)-replete (+D) lactating rats for 8 or 12 days caused significant increases in serum Ca in the mothers (1-2 mg/dl) and in their suckling pups (1.5 mg/dl). Daily oral doses of 1,25-(OH)2D3 (2 ng/g BW) to +D lactating rats caused a similar increase in serum Ca in the mothers, but did not affect the serum Ca of the pups. The administration of a high dose of 1,25-(OH)2D3 to vitamin D-deficient lactating rats or high doses of vitamin D3 to +D rats, caused no change in milk Ca, Mg, or phosphorus. Milk from +D rats given high doses of [3H]vitamin D3 (1 microgram/g BW) contained mostly [3H]vitamin D3 (85%) and a small amount of [3H]25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (6%). The results indicate that high doses of vitamin D3, but not 1,25-(OH)2D3, given to +D lactating rats can cause hypercalcemia in the suckling pups. The hypercalcemic effect on the pups observed after vitamin D3 treatment of the mother is probably a result of transport of toxic amounts of primarily vitamin D3 into the milk and is not due to altered mineral composition of the milk.
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