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  • Title: D-Penicillamine induced toxicity in rheumatoid arthritis: the role of sulphoxidation status and HLA-DR3.
    Author: Emery P, Panayi GS, Huston G, Welsh KI, Mitchell SC, Shah RR, Idle JR, Smith RL, Waring RH.
    Journal: J Rheumatol; 1984 Oct; 11(5):626-32. PubMed ID: 6334741.
    Abstract:
    Sulphoxidation of carbocysteine, a drug structurally similar to D-penicillamine, displays a skewed distribution within a population. In 66 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) a significant association between impaired sulphoxidation and toxicity (p less than 0.001) was found; HLA-DR3, although associated with toxicity (p less than 0.05), appeared to be an independent risk factor of most importance in the group with extensive sulphoxidation. The relative risk of toxicity in a patient possessing either DR3 or impaired sulphoxidation was 25. The prevalence of poor sulphoxidizers within this group of RA patients was increased compared to that in a previous population study and requires further investigation. Our findings explain a number of the toxic phenomena associated with D-penicillamine administration in RA.
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