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  • Title: Enhancement of immunogenicity by incorporation of lipid A into liposomal model membranes and its application to membrane-associated antigens.
    Author: Tamauchi H, Tadakuma T, Yasuda T, Tsumita T, Saito K.
    Journal: Immunology; 1983 Dec; 50(4):605-12. PubMed ID: 6360851.
    Abstract:
    Incorporation of lipid A into liposomes markedly enhances the plaque-forming cell (PFC responses against model membranes that are sensitized with synthetic amphipathic antigens 2,4-dinitrophenyl-6-N-aminocaproyldipalmytoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DNP-Cap-DPPE) and fluorescein thiocarbamyldipalmytoylphosphatidylethanolamine (F1-DPPE). The enhancing effect was pronounced only when lipid A and haptenic determinants were presented on the same liposome. Lipid A was incorporated into heterologous erythrocytes and syngeneic tumour cells. Significant and selective increase of in-vitro PFC responses was observed against heterologous erythrocytes, and immunization of C57BL/6 mice with lipid A treated X-irradiated tumour cells (EL-4) markedly prolonged the survival of mice after challenge with homologous viable tumour cells. These data suggest that passively incorporated lipid A will be an effective method for selectively augmenting antibody formation against membrane-associated antigens.
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