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  • Title: [Current concepts of the effect of contraceptives on the oral cavity and especially on the periodontal tissues].
    Author: Tsami-Pandi A, Diamanti-Kipioti A.
    Journal: Hell Stomatol Chron; 1984; 28(3):149-54. PubMed ID: 6399510.
    Abstract:
    The effect of oral contraceptives (OCs) in oral and periodontal status has been reviewed. The way by which OCs influence periodontal tissues is that they alter the inflammatory response of the gingiva to local irritants; i.e. dental plaque. After longterm use of contraceptives, the important clinical symptom seems to be gingival inflammation which ranges from an increase in gingival exudate only, to the appearance of pregnancy-like tumor. It is important to note that as it has been proven from experimental studies, only progesterone and not the estrogens is responsible for vascular changes which had as a result edema, redness, and tenderness. Among the undesirable effects associated with the use of OCs which have been observed, are an increased occurrence of localized osteitis, dry sockets, salivary changes, and alterations of the bony trabecular pattern of the mandible, the clinical significance of which are yet undetermined. (author's)
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