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  • Title: HLA-DR typing in identical twins with insulin-dependent diabetes: difference between concordant and discordant pairs.
    Author: Johnston C, Pyke DA, Cudworth AG, Wolf E.
    Journal: Br Med J (Clin Res Ed); 1983 Jan 22; 286(6361):253-5. PubMed ID: 6402059.
    Abstract:
    A total of 106 pairs of identical twins, of whom 56 were concordant and 50 discordant for insulin-dependent diabetes, were typed for HLA-DR. In both the concordant and discordant groups there was a high prevalence of the antigens DR3 and DR4, a low prevalence of DR5 and DR7, and a virtual absence of DR2. The heterozygous phenotype DR3,DR4 was more prevalent in concordant than discordant pairs. This was therefore the first demonstration of a genetic difference between concordant and discordant identical twin pairs. These findings suggest that possession of both DR3 and DR4 antigens confers a greater genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes than does the possession of either antigen alone.
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