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  • Title: The use of external fixation devices in the management of severe lower-extremity trauma and pelvic injuries in children.
    Author: Reff RB.
    Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res; 1984 Sep; (188):21-33. PubMed ID: 6467718.
    Abstract:
    Between 1977 and 1982, 17 pediatric patients ranging in age from six to 14 years were treated for injuries that required the application of a total of 20 external fixation devices. The indications for the use of external fixation devices in children include: open fractures with soft-tissue injury, unstable fractures (diaphyseal, epiphyseal, and intra-articular), "polytrauma" patients, and unstable pelvic fractures. All fractures and soft-tissue injuries healed. The usual reported complications of external fixation devices, such as pin tract infections, delayed union, and refracture, were not encountered.
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