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  • Title: [Female sterilization--safe and irreversible?].
    Author: Lalos O, Aberg M, von Schoultz B.
    Journal: Lakartidningen; 1984 Sep 19; 81(38):3358-60. PubMed ID: 6482607.
    Abstract:
    With 6 case studies as illustrations, sterilization methods for women, their safety and reliability, reversibility and irreversibility are discussed. In Sweden the average pregnancy rate following sterilization is .3-.7%, in other countries 1-2%; about 3% of Swedish women subsequently regret the operation. The most frequently used methods are electrocoagulation and application of the Yoon band for tubal ligation. The use of electrocoagulation alone is not sufficient. Some of the complications after these methods include bleeding, singeing of intestines, lower abdominal pain due to torsion of distal tubal ends, and faulty placement of tubal rings. The reliability of sterilization in never 100%, as illustrated by 3 cases: a 41-year-old woman was sterilized by laparoscopy and became pregnant 7 years later, abortion and bilateral tubal resection was performed; another woman became pregnant 1.5 years after Yoon band sterilization and carried the pregnancy to term; the 3rd woman became pregnant 4 weeks after minilaparotomy (Pomeroy method) and delivered the child. Refertilization was studied in a survey of 100 Canadian women who sought reversal of sterility. They were aged 22-43, with an average of 2 children; most claimed that inadequate information had been provided about the procedure; and most desired reversal because of a new relationship. Although sterilization is regarded as a definitive method of preventing pregnancy, modern microsurgery can restore fertility up to 80% (vs. 50% by conventional tubal surgery). Often sterilization is performed after abortion in young women (368 cases out of 6415 sterilizations in Sweden in 1983) who later regret their decision. It is recommended thet the legal implications of restricting sterilization for women under 30 be explored because of the high medical and emotional risks involved.
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