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  • Title: Fatal choking in infants and children.
    Author: Mittleman RE.
    Journal: Am J Forensic Med Pathol; 1984 Sep; 5(3):201-10. PubMed ID: 6496432.
    Abstract:
    Food asphyxiation in infants/children follows a different pattern from the adult "cafe coronary." In the absence of ethanol intoxication, infants/children are prone to mishandling nonfriable, firm, slippery foods/objects with a rounded contour. The Dade County Medical Examiner's files were searched from 1956 to mid-1983 for accidental pediatric choking deaths. Seventeen food and six foreign body asphyxiations were found. The male/female ratio was 1.4/1 and 1/1, respectively. The white/black ratio was 0.9/1 for food asphyxiation whereas no black victims were encountered choking upon foreign objects. Seventy-eight percent of all victims were between 2 months and 4 years of age. Infants/children asphyxiated on items such as a hot dog, hard candy, peanut, toy rattle, tissue paper, balloon, marble, etc. The choking event was recognized by nearby adults in most instances. Risk factors include the availability of riskful foods/objects, natural diseases with difficulty feeding, poor eating habits, and uneducated or ignorant parents/others at the scene. Although public education, package labeling, and changes in food/object design may be appropriate, the ubiquituous risk foods and small foreign objects will, on occasion, escape the eye of even the most watchful parent.
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