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  • Title: Kinetics and efficacy of theophylline in the treatment of apnea in the premature newborn.
    Author: Latini R, Assael BM, Bonati M, Caccamo ML, Gerna M, Mandelli M, Marini A, Sereni F, Tognoni G.
    Journal: Eur J Clin Pharmacol; 1978 May 31; 13(3):203-7. PubMed ID: 668774.
    Abstract:
    Aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) was administered to 27 premature newborns to prevent apneic spells. Of the 22 patients monitored for theophylline concentration, a therapeutic blood level was reached in 19 in 1--2 days, and 3 stayed below it. "Toxic" blood levels (less than or equal to 20 microgram/ml) were reached in 3 cases, one of whom showed signs of toxicity. Theophylline treatment was not efficient in the prevention of apnea when a serious underlying disease was present. Theophylline blood half-life (mean:27.0 h) and clearance (mean 12.9 ml/h/kg) confirmed the slow elimination pattern of the drug in the premature infant.
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