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  • Title: Cholescintigraphy in acute cholecystitis: use of intravenous morphine.
    Author: Choy D, Shi EC, McLean RG, Hoschl R, Murray IP, Ham JM.
    Journal: Radiology; 1984 Apr; 151(1):203-7. PubMed ID: 6701315.
    Abstract:
    Conventional cholescintigraphy (60 patients) and a modified protocol (59 patients) were compared in 74 females and 45 males with acute cholecystitis. In the modified protocol, intravenous morphine (0.04 mg/kg) was administered whenever the gallbladder was not seen 40 minutes after injection of Tc-99m-pyridoxylideneglutamate (36/59). Accuracy was 98% with morphine, compared with 88% for the conventional protocol; specificity improved from 83% to 100% with no loss of sensitivity (96% in both groups). Low doses of morphine are well tolerated and can result in a highly accurate diagnosis of acute cholecystitis without the need for delayed imaging.
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