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  • Title: Gas mixing in the small airways, described by old and new models.
    Author: Visser BF, Luijendijk SC.
    Journal: Eur J Respir Dis Suppl; 1982; 121():26-35. PubMed ID: 6751840.
    Abstract:
    This is a review of models built to explain the inefficiency of intrapulmonary gas mixing observed during multibreath tests, or to explain the slope of the alveolar plateau of the expiratory concentration-volume curve during single breath tests. The question, raised in 1917, whether diffusion was the limiting factor, received a negative answer in 1946. It then became necessary to postulate parallel unequal ventilation in combination with asynchronism. After 1966 diffusion was held responsible for stratification, a form of series inequality. However, a quantitative agreement with experimental data could only be achieved after the introduction of asymmetrical branching into the models.
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