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  • Title: Echocardiographic features of aortic valve endocarditis in a dog, a cow, and a horse.
    Author: Bonagura JD, Pipers FS.
    Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc; 1983 Mar 15; 182(6):595-9. PubMed ID: 6833102.
    Abstract:
    A horse, a cow, and a dog with aortic valve vegetative endocarditis were studied by M-mode echocardiography. Echocardiographic abnormalities of the aortic valve, mitral valve, and left ventricle were observed. These features were identical to those reported in human beings with aortic valve endocarditis. Abnormalities associated with aortic valve endocarditis included irregular thickening of the valve, multiple linear echoes in the aortic root, diastolic prolapse of the aortic vegetation, and diastolic fluttering of a torn aortic valve. Some of these features were found in each animal. The consequences of aortic regurgitation observed by echocardiography were left ventricular dilation, diastolic fluttering of the mitral valve, premature closure of the mitral valve, and left ventricular hyperkinesia.
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