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  • Title: Early maxillary orthopaedics as a supplement to conventional primary surgery in complete cleft lip and palate cases - long-term results.
    Author: Gnoinski WM.
    Journal: J Maxillofac Surg; 1982 Aug; 10(3):165-72. PubMed ID: 6957522.
    Abstract:
    29 patients with complete uni- or bilateral cleft lip and palate were followed up the age of 15 to 20 years after having undergone early maxillary orthopaedics as a supplement to conventional primary surgery. Longitudinal changes in their facial pattern are demonstrated by means of Enlow's cephalometric analysis. The ultimate sagittal skeletal imbalance is more than 50% of the cases seems to be related to inadequate primary surgery (lip closure before 5 months of age, complete palatal closure before 2 years of age). Evidently, initial facial pattern and functional habits also play an important role. Functional disturbances due to scarring are discussed with a view to their influence on facial development.
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