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  • Title: The effects of hormonal oral contraceptives on the female human periodontium and experimental animal models, a review of the literature.
    Author: Brooks JK.
    Journal: J Baltimore Coll Dent Surg; 1980 Jun; 33(2):12-6. PubMed ID: 7000745.
    Abstract:
    This paper discusses the influence of hormonal oral contraceptives (OCs) on the health of the periodontium. Characteristics oral manifestations of OC intake are similar to oral changes associated with pregnancy, such as the pronounced vascularity of the gingiva, hyperplestic gingivitis, and pyogenic granuloma. There are as yet no reports in the literature of the influence of OC on the health of the alveolar bone in humans, although there are conflicting data gathered on animal studies. How OCs influence vscular changes in the periodontium is unclear; prostaglandin E2 may be implicated as a possible mediator of the inflammatory process.
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