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  • Title: [The choice of a method of contraception during adolescence].
    Author: Gaspard U.
    Journal: Rev Med Liege; 1980 May 01; 35(9):377-90. PubMed ID: 7008134.
    Abstract:
    Adolescents are responsible for 20% of all births in developed countries; about 53% of such births are illegitimate; adolescents have a much higher abortion complications and mortality rates. Contraception in adolescents must take into account the frequency of relations, and cannot interfere with future fertility and physical development. Behavioral contraceptive methods require a discipline which adolescents do not have, and have an effectiveness which is only 20-40%. Condoms and diaphragms can be very effective when properly used and when used together with a contraceptive cream. They are recommended only for adolescents who have irregular relations. Oral contraception is the most effective method, and the one which entails a long series of side effects; it is still not very well known whether it interferes with hypothalamo-hypophysary maturation, future fertility, physical growth and development of the genital tract. It is absolutely contraindicated in case of circulatory problems, cardiopathies, cancer, bleedings, renal problems, diabetes, liver problems, and hypertension. The minipill would be a better choice than combined contraceptives, while injectable contraceptives and postcoital contraception must be regarded as exceptional therapy, or in case of emergency. IUDs are very effective and do not require sustained motivation; adnexitis, pregnancy and genital tumors are absolute contraindications to IUD use. In the adolescent, IUDs can have a higher rate of expulsion and cause more than normal pains; a small sized IUD would be more appropriate than a regualr size.
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