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  • Title: Physiological mechanisms for thirst in the nonhuman primate.
    Author: Wood RJ, Rolls ET, Rolls BJ.
    Journal: Am J Physiol; 1982 May; 242(5):R423-8. PubMed ID: 7081465.
    Abstract:
    The relationship between body fluid deficits and drinking has been investigated in a nonhuman primate. Intravenous sodium chloride infusions (0.93-3.25 M) given to rhesus monkeys caused drinking correlated with increases in plasma osmolality and sodium concentrations. Sucrose infusions (0.3 M in 0.15 M NaCl) also caused drinking while equiosmolal urea infusions did not. It was found that the drinking threshold corresponded to a 2.3% increase in plasma osmolality. Water deprivation for 24 h caused significant cellular dehydration, as indicated by a 5.8% elevation in plasma osmolality that exceeded the threshold for thirst, and a significant hypovolemia as indicated by elevated plasma protein and hematocrit values. Intravenous water preloads decreased plasma osmolality and produced a dose-related decrease in subsequent drinking. Infusions that restored plasma osmolality to predeprivation values, reduced intake by 85%. Intravenous isotonic saline preloads which abolished the hypovolemia did not have a consistent effect and reduced mean water intakes by only 3.2%. Thus in the rhesus monkey, cellular dehydration is an effective stimulus for thirst, and it is the primary determinant of drinking after water deprivation, used as an example of a natural thirst stimulus. In contrast to findings in nonprimates, the extracellular deficit contributes very little to drinking after water deprivation.
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