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  • Title: Four types of occult Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs.
    Author: Rawlings CA, Dawe DL, McCall JW, Keith JC, Prestwood AK.
    Journal: J Am Vet Med Assoc; 1982 Jun 01; 180(11):1323-6. PubMed ID: 7096174.
    Abstract:
    Occult heartworm infection, ie, infection with adult Dirofilaria immitis in the absence of circulating microfilariae, was detected in dogs with prepatent infection, unisexual heartworm infection, drug-induced sterility of adult heartworms, and an immune-mediated infection. In the immune-mediate occult infection, female heartworms contained microfilariae that were antigenically similar to circulating microfilariae but were in a privileged site inasmuch as the intrauterine microfilariae were not coated with circulating antimicrofilarial immunoglobulin G. Transplantation of these female worm into heart-worm-negative dogs resulted in microfilaremia.
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