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  • Title: Blood parasites of birds from Chiriqui and Panama Provinces in the Republic of Panama.
    Author: Sousa OE, Herman CM.
    Journal: J Wildl Dis; 1982 Apr; 18(2):205-21. PubMed ID: 7097883.
    Abstract:
    Blood smears were examined from 3,715 birds from four areas in the Republic of Panama. Hematozoa were present in at least 142 (50%) of the 281 species examined. An overall prevalence of 18% of the individual birds was noted: Haemoproteus 9%, Plasmodium 5%, Leucocytozoon less than 1%, Trypanosoma 2%, Atoxoplasma/Lankesterella less than 1% and microfilariae 3%. Prevalence in each of the four study areas varied from 13% to 28%. Distribution is analyzed by orders, families and individual species of Plasmodium are tabulated. New host records from 170 species of birds are recorded.
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