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  • Title: Acute skin phototoxicity in hairless mice following exposure to crude shale oil or natural petroleum oil.
    Author: Gomer CJ, Smith DM.
    Journal: Toxicology; 1980; 18(1):75-85. PubMed ID: 7210025.
    Abstract:
    The acute skin phototoxicity in hairless mice resulting from applications of crude shale oil or natural petroleum oil and exposure to near ultraviolet light has been investigated. In addition, the absorption and excitation-emission spectra of these oils have been described. While the application of crude shale oil alone was shown to elicit acute skin damage, the combination of the crude shale oil and near ultraviolet light induced skin damage much more severe than that produced by either agent alone. In contrast, the application of the natural petroleum oil and near ultraviolet light was less toxic than that of the crude shale oil in the absence of light. These results suggest that a potential health hazard exists from contact with shale oil compounds and exposure to near ultraviolet light from either the sun or artificial sources.
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