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  • Title: Failure to detect infectious hepatitis B virus using high dose safety test for hepatitis B vaccine.
    Author: Tabor E, Barker LF, Gerety RJ.
    Journal: J Med Virol; 1981; 6(4):279-84. PubMed ID: 7241095.
    Abstract:
    One hundred milliliters of an inactivated hepatitis B vaccine (20 microgram/ml) were inoculated intravenously into two colony-born infant chimpanzees. Immediately thereafter each received hepatitis B virus from a documented infectious inoculum intravenously at a separate site. Neither chimpanzee developed elevation of aminotransferase levels, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or antibody to hepatitis B core antigen during six months of evaluation, the duration of the currently recommended safety test. Both chimpanzees developed antibody to HBsAg beginning 8 and 9 weeks, respectively, after inoculation. The administration of a large intravenous quantity of vaccine antigen thus appeared capable of masking or preventing infection by simultaneously administered hepatitis B virus. This study suggests that a chimpanzee safety test for hepatitis B vaccine should not employ large quantities of vaccine antigen, since such a safety test may fail to detect small amounts of residual infectious hepatitis B virus.
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