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  • Title: X-ray microanalysis of fluid spaces in the frozen cochlea.
    Author: Hunter-Duvar I, Landolt J, Cameron R.
    Journal: Arch Otorhinolaryngol; 1981; 230(3):245-9. PubMed ID: 7271568.
    Abstract:
    The cochlea is quick-frozen and then opened while under liquid nitrogen to expose the scalae of all turns in the mid-modiolar section. Still under liquid nitrogen, the cochlea is transferred to the cold stage of a pre-vacuum chamber especially constructed for attachment to the scanning electron microscope. Under partial vacuum, it is moved to the cold stage in the high vacuum chamber of a field-emission scanning electron microscope. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrates the relative levels of sodium, potassium, and chlorine in the fluid spaces of the cochlea.
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