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  • Title: [The liver and the "pill." Part 1: Disorders of bile secretion and vessel changes].
    Author: Eisenburg J.
    Journal: Fortschr Med; 1981 Oct 01; 99(37):1479-83. PubMed ID: 7297986.
    Abstract:
    This article examines structural and functional effects of oral contraceptives on the liver. The discovery of estrogen receptors in the liver and the often-observed return to normal of liver conditions after discontinuation of pill use provide evidence of a causal relation between pill use and liver changes. Common changes in liver chemistry after long term pill use are listed, and side effects that are manifested solely in slight elevations of blood chemistry values are described. The influence of pill use on preexisting liver disease is discussed. Ultrastructural changes accompanying pill use are detailed, and a commentary is offered on the incidence, mechanism, clinical picture, and prognosis of "pill" cholestasis. The increased incidence of gall stones with pill use is explained. Vascular diseases of the liver aggravated by pill use are listed. The Budd-Chiari syndrome of venous liver disease is described, and its precursors, symptoms, and prognosis discussed.
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