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  • Title: Substrate concentration changes during pregnancy in the guinea pig studied under unstressed steady state conditions.
    Author: Sparks JW, Pegorier JP, Girard J, Battaglia FC.
    Journal: Pediatr Res; 1981 Oct; 15(10):1340-4. PubMed ID: 7301456.
    Abstract:
    Weight gain and food intake were measured in unstressed nonpregnant and pregnant guinea pigs fed ad libitum. Nonpregnant females consumed 33.2 +/- 0.5 g.day-1 of pellet diet and did not demonstrate a consistent pattern of weight gain. The average daily food intake of pregnant animals increased linearly from 38 g.day-1 at 27 days to over 60 g.day-1 near term, and the average maternal weight gain was 13.3 g.day-1. Using sterile technique, polyvinyl catheters were inserted under anesthesia into the carotid and femoral arteries of these animals. Animals recovered spontaneously, and catheters remained patent for up to 4 wk. The effect of surgical and anesthetic stress was evaluated by measurement of food intake and metabolite levels after surgery. In the nonpregnant animals, blood glucose decreased immediately after surgery (4.76 +/0- 0.36 versus 5.65 +/- 0.25; P less than 0.05), whereas the pregnant animals responded with a substantial increase in blood glucose (7.57 +/- 0.48 versus 5.87 +/- 0.33; P less than 0.05). Lactate was increased intraoperatively in both groups (1.76 +/- 0.22 versus 1.11 +/- 0.07, nonpregnant; 1.80 +/- 0.17 versus 1.10 +/- 0.08, pregnant). The pregnant animals differed from the nonpregnant animals with regard to the pattern of changes in blood ketones after surgery. The nonpregnant animals achieved steady state within 1 day after surgery, whereas the pregnant animals required 4 days for recovery. Food intake and maternal weight gain were markedly reduced during the recovery period for the pregnant animals. Blood metabolite levels were measured in well-fed, unstressed pregnant and nonpregnant guinea pigs. Using measurements made after the third postoperative day, the unstressed pregnant animals demonstrated a progressive decline in blood glucose levels, reaching levels significantly below those of nonpregnant animals at 55 to 60 and 60+ days. Arterial concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and free fatty acids did not change consistently with gestation and were not significantly different from nonpregnant values.
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