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  • Title: Interaction of styrene and acetone with drug biotransformation enzymes in rat liver.
    Author: Vainio H, Zitting A.
    Journal: Scand J Work Environ Health; 1978; 4 Suppl 2():47-52. PubMed ID: 734416.
    Abstract:
    In the presence of hepatic microsomes, styrene produced a type I difference spectrum, which demonstrates that styrene binds to the catalytic site of ferricytochrome P-450. A comparison of the binding parameters for the interaction of styrene with noninduced, phenobarbital-induced, and 3-methylcholanthrene-induced microsomes indicated that styrene is predominantly bound by cytochrome P-450 and not by cytochrome P-448. Inhalation exposure to a mixture of acetone (1,000 ppm, 6 h/d) and styrene (300 ppm, 6 h/d) for 5 d caused a distinct decrease in hepatic free nonprotein sulfhydryl groups. This decrease could be observed both with and without phenobarbital treatment. Acetone inhalation alone also enhanced ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity in rats without pretreatments. Acetone inhalation also increased the cytochrome P-450 content of liver microsomes, but it had no effect on NADPH cytochrome c reductase or epoxide hydratase activity. Combined exposure to styrene and acetone enhanced NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity in nonphenobarbital-treated rats, but no effect was seen in the phenobarbital-treated animals. Phenobarbital treatment of animals can greatly modify the biotransformation and toxicity of styrene, phenobarbital inducible P-450 hemoprotein playing a predominant role in its metabolism. Simultaneous inhalation exposure to acetone also interacts with the metabolism of styrene.
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