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  • Title: Influence of acute hemodynamic changes on the negative peak of the first derivative of apex cardiogram during ventricular relaxation in dogs.
    Author: Kolev NS, Uzunov GK, Vlasakov VL, Tijaneva JG.
    Journal: Ann Clin Res; 1981 Dec; 13(6):419-24. PubMed ID: 7348121.
    Abstract:
    The effect of various alterations in the preload, the afterload and the inotropic state of the left ventricle on the first derivative of apex cardiogram (dA/dt) was studied in 9 anesthetized dogs to clarify some of the determinants of the negative peak of dA/dt and isovolumic relaxation time. The first derivative of the apex cardiogram was recorded simultaneously with the left (ventricular pressure, conventional left apex cardiogram, first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt), electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram. Both dA/dt and dP/dt curves were similar in contour and occurred nearly simultaneously. This close relationship was preserved during various acute haemodynamic changes. The maximum negative dA/dt and the isovolumic relaxation period was closely related to the level of afterload. Large rapid augmentation of mean aortic pressure resulted in a significant increase in the negative dA/dt and shortening of the isovolumetric relaxation time, where reduction of afterload had an opposite effect. Isoprenaline acutely augmented minimum dA/dt. It is concluded that measurement of negative peak dA/dt under some conditions is a reliable noninvasive technique for assessing myocardial relaxation.
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