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  • Title: Direct radioimmunoassay of urinary estrogen and pregnanediol glucuronides during the menstrual cycle.
    Author: Stanczyk FZ, Miyakawa I, Goebelsmann U.
    Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol; 1980 Jun 15; 137(4):443-50. PubMed ID: 7386528.
    Abstract:
    Assays which measure immunoreactive metabolites of the major urinary estrogens directly are described, and their applicability to ovulation detection methods is discussed. The immunoreactive materials measured were estrone glucuronide (E1G), estradiol-3-glucuronide (E2-3G), estradiol-17beta-glucuronide (E2-17G), estriol-3-glucuronide (E3-3G), estriol-16alpha-glucuronide, and pregnanediol-3alpha-glucuronide (Pd-3G); these estrogen and pregnanediol glucuronide fractions were measured in portions of 24-hour and overnight samples of urine collected daily from 7 women throughout 1 menstrual cycle. The urinary excretions were correlated with daily serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone. The usual serum changes were noted preovulatorily in all 7 women, who were therefore considered ovulatory. 24-hour and overnight urinary excretion patterns of the estrogen glucuronides were similar to the serum estradiol pattern, and of the 5 estrogen glucuronide fractions, E2-17G showed the earliest and steepest ascending slope of preovulatory estrogen surge. Therefore, E2-17G is most suitable estrogen fraction for predicting ovulation. Pd-3G rose in parallel with progesterone serum levels and was markedly elevated 2-3 days after the midcycle luteinizing hormone peak; therefore, because milligram quantities of Pd-3G are excreted daily in urine, measurements of this glucuronide are most useful for ovulation detection by a simple immunochemical or enzymatic technique (dipstick).
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