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  • Title: Second-order conditioning of the pigeon's key-peck using an autoshaping procedure.
    Author: Green L, Schweitzer L.
    Journal: Am J Psychol; 1980 Mar; 93(1):25-39. PubMed ID: 7396046.
    Abstract:
    Second-order conditioning of the pigeon's key-peck was established using an autoshaping procedure. In the first experiment, pigeons came to peck a response key, the second-order conditioned stimulus (CS2), when it was paired with another key (CS1) that had previously been paired with food delivery. In the second experiment, pigeons again came to peck a key (CS2) when it was followed by a clicker (CS1) which had been paired with food delivery, even though the clicker itself had not evoked pecking. Responses to a second-order stimulus, therefore, need not resemble responses to the first-order CS. Furthermore, in both experiments, extinction of the first-order IS led to reduction in pecking CS2. These results were discussed in terms of the nature of the associations being formed during second-order conditioning.
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