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  • Title: Female breast cancer: distribution, risk factors, and effect of steroid contraception.
    Author: Lyle KC.
    Journal: Obstet Gynecol Surv; 1980 Jul; 35(7):413-27. PubMed ID: 7402507.
    Abstract:
    The 3 common diseases of the female breast are cystic hyperplasia, fibroadenoma and carcinoma. In discussing the 3rd and the most common forms of malignant disease, attention is directed to the following: criteria for source data selection (source data for distribution and for risk and etiological factors); distribution of female characteristics, environmental attributes, temporal variation, and a summary of major variables on breast cancer distribution); risk factors (pregnancy, ovarian activity, international variation, benign breast disease, familial aggregation); etiologic hypotheses (effect of contraceptive pill use on benign breast disease and effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use on breast cancer risk); and further hypotheses research. The most common cancer in women, breast cancer usually occurs in the years before the menopause. Factors favoring the development of breast cancer frequently are present early in life. Among women, breast cancer accounts for more than 1 out of very 4 cancers. The age-specific mortality and incidence rates of female cancer increase with age. This pattern is consistently present in both white and black groups. Age-adjusted mortality rates for female breast cancer by place of residence and race for the United States and for each geographic division and state for the 1959-1961 period are presented in table form. An elevated risk of breast cancer associated with long-term OC use has been reported among women with a biopsy diagnosis of benign breast neoplasia prior to the development of breast cancer.
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