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  • Title: Ultrasound scanning of ovaries to detect ovulation in women.
    Author: Queenan JT, O'Brien GD, Bains LM, Simpson J, Collins WP, Campbell S.
    Journal: Fertil Steril; 1980 Aug; 34(2):99-105. PubMed ID: 7409241.
    Abstract:
    Healthy volunteers with regular ovarian function, women taking oral contraceptives, and infertile patients being treated with clomiphene were studied longitudinally from day 7 of the cycle to menstruation. The main objective was to determine whether ovulation or failure to ovulate could be detected accurately by the use of ultrasound. The ovaries were scanned with a Kretz Combison 100 sector scanner every 1 to 3 days for morphologic changes consistent with follicle development, ovulation, and development of the corpus luteum. The morphologic changes were correlated with daily urinary hormone profiles. The estimated times of ovulation according to ultrasound and luteinizing hormone peak overlapped by 24 hours in 19 of 23 normal cycles and in 5 of 6 cycles of patients treated with clomiphene. Both techniques indicated that three of three women taking oral contraceptives did not ovulate. The ultrasound studies indicated a wide range in the diameter of the preovulatory follicle, which precludes follicular diameter as a single index for prediction of ovulation. However, by measuring the maximal diameter of the follicle and observing the morphologic changes within the ovary from follicle to corpus luteum, it was possible to detect ovulation in more than 80% of cycles studied. This technique was found to be quick, inexpensive, and efficient. Ovulation detection by following ovarian follicular growth via ultrasound scanning was investigated among healthy volunteers with regular ovarian function, among women taking oral contraceptives (OCs), and among infertile patients being treated with clomiphene. The study was longitudinal and began on Day 7 of the menstrual cycle. A Kretz Combison 100 sector scanner was used to visualize the ovaries every 1-3 days for morphological changes consistent with follicle development, ovulation, and corpus luteum development. These morphologic changes were correlated with daily urine hormone measurements. Based on luteinizing hormone peak, the estimated time of ovulation by scanning overlapped by 24 hours in 19 of 23 normal cylces and in 5 of 6 cycles treated with clomiphene. All 3 of the women did not ovulate while taking OCs, according to luteinizing hormone peak and ultrasound scanning. Follicular diameter was precluded as a single index for determining ovulatory changes, since there was found to be a wide range of preovulatory diameters; however, by measuring the maximal diameter of the follicle and observing morphological changes within the ovary from follicle to corpus luteum, ovulation could be detected in more than 80% of the cycles. 18 women were healthy volunteers; 3 women were taking OCs; and 5 women were being treated with clomiphene.
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